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Data Fusion with Optimized Block Kernels in LS-SVM for Protein Classification  [PDF]
Li Liao
Engineering (ENG) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/eng.2013.510B048
Abstract:

In this work, we developed a method to efficiently optimize the kernel function for combined data of various different sources with their corresponding kernels being already available. The vectorization of the combined data is achieved by a weighted concatenation of the existing data vectors. This induces a kernel matrix composed of the existing kernels as blocks along the main diagonal, weighted according to the corresponding the subspaces span by the data. The induced block kernel matrix is optimized in the platform of least-squares support vector machines simultaneously as the LS-SVM is being trained, by solving an extended set of linear equations, other than a quadratically constrained quadratic programming as in a previous method. The method is tested on a benchmark dataset, and the performance is significantly improved from the highest ROC score 0.84 using individual data source to ROC score 0.92 with data fusion.


Cancer Specific Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Prediction in the Context of Haplotype and Protein Interacting Sites  [PDF]
Pakeeza Akram, Li Liao
Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering (JBiSE) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2017.105B004
Abstract:
In this work, we study predicting the effect of non-synonymous SNPs on several cancers. We trained classifiers on both sequential and structural features extracted from the affected genes and assessed the predictions made by the trained classifiers using cross validation. Specifically, we investigated how the prediction performance can be improved by connecting SNPs in the context of haplotype and interacting sites of proteins encoded by affected genes. We found that accuracy was consistently enhanced by combining sequential and structural features, with increase ranging from a few percentage points up to more than 20 percentage points. The results for putting SNPs in the context of interacting sites were less consistent. Compared to individual SNPs, these that appear together in haplotype showed stronger correlation with one another and with the phenotype, and therefore led to significant improvement inprediction performance, with ROC score increased from 0.81 to 0.95. Although some similar effect has been expected for connecting SNPs to interacting sites in proteins, the performance actually got worse. This decrease in prediction accuracy may be caused by the small data set being used in the study, as many affected proteins in the study do not have known interacting sites.
Localization of the Translation Practice Teaching in Application-Oriented Universities  [PDF]
Li Su, Zhenyu Liao
Creative Education (CE) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/ce.2020.117083
Abstract: The term “cultural turn” was proposed by Susan Bassnett, a leading figure of the school of Cultural Translation. In the practice of translation, the influence？of cultural factors should be taken into consideration. The same is true in translation？practice teaching. Application-oriented？universities should pay attention to the exploration and dissemination of their regional culture. Taking Baoding？University as an example, its translation practice teaching should highlight the characteristics of Baoding. This paper collected some raw language materials including tourist attractions, literature works, film and television dramas, dishes and menus, and industrial products in Baoding. Through？the analysis of the tour commentary, Baoding dialect, Baofu cuisine and Baoding folk customs, and some ads of Baoding-based products, systematically elaborates how to？integrate local culture into translation practice teaching,？and accomplish the localization of the translation practice teaching, so as to better convey the voice of Baoding.
Valuation Channel and Losses of Chinese External Wealth  [PDF]
Zefang Liao, Jianpeng Zhang, Bing Li
iBusiness (IB) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ib.2013.53B005
Abstract:

Based on the intertemporal theoretical framework of Gourinchas and Rey ( 2005), using Vector Error Correction Model and time-varying Space State Model, the paper estimates the return and factors of China’s net foreign assets. The results show that significant negative valuation effects in the change of net foreign assets and its sub-category, “risk assets”, especially at short and medium horizons. The fluctuation of assets prices arising from international financial crisis and appreciation of RMB contribute to the losses of external wealth, implying much wealth outflow to other economies.

Flag-Transitive 6-(v, k, 2) Designs  [PDF]
Xiaolian Liao, Shangzhao Li, Guohua Chen
Advances in Pure Mathematics (APM) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/apm.2014.45026
Abstract:

The automorphism group of a flag-transitive 6–(v, k, 2) design is a 3-homogeneous permutation group. Therefore, using the classification theorem of 3–homogeneous permutation groups, the classification of flag-transitive 6-(v, k,2) designs can be discussed. In this paper, by analyzing the combination quantity relation of 6–(v, k, 2) design and the characteristics of 3-homogeneous permutation groups, it is proved that: there are no 6–(v, k, 2) designs D admitting a flag transitive group G ≤ Aut (D) of automorphisms.

A Molecular Dynamics Approach for Optimizing Beam Intensities in IMPT Treatment Planning  [PDF]
Li Liao, Gino J. Lim, Xiaodong Zhang
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (JAMP) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2019.79146
Abstract: This paper uses a molecular dynamics (MD) method for intensity-modulated proton therapy treatment planning optimization to overcome the problem of gradient-based optimization methods such as quasi-Newton, which is sensitive to starting conditions and is easily trapped in local minima. We implemented a molecular dynamics (MD) method and a quasi-Newton method for plan optimization. Three types of cancer cases, prostate, head-and-neck and lung cancer, were tested with three starting different initial conditions. Overall, the MD method consistently resulted in solutions with lower objective function values (OFVs) compared to those from the quasi-Newton algorithm. Furthermore, the MD method converged on the same OFV regardless of its initial starting points used for the prostate cancer case.
Study on the Practice of “PAD Class” Teaching Mode in English Teaching of Medical Colleges  [PDF]
Yan Li, Xiaoqing Wen, Xianjiu Liao
Advances in Applied Sociology (AASoci) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/aasoci.2021.115024
Abstract: This study aims to explore whether PAD Class teaching mode can improve the English academic performance of medical students and bring some positive impact on their English learning through random interviews with 8 students. The results show that there is a significant difference in the English academic performance between the experimental class with PAD Class teaching mode and the control class with the traditional teaching mode (t = 7.12, p < 0.001); the 8 students in the random interviews said that PAD Class teaching mode plays a positive role for language competence, interactivity between teachers and students or students and students, independent learning ability, and comprehensive problem analysis ability.
Research and Practice of PAD Class Based on WeChat Platform in Medical Universities English Teaching  [PDF]
Yan Li, Xiaoqing Wen, Xianjiu Liao
Creative Education (CE) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/ce.2021.125076
Abstract: Objective: To explore the impact of the PAD Class teaching mode on students’ learning satisfaction and final comprehensive grades; Methods: Our students in higher vocational colleges from Class 1 of nursing profession enrolled in 2020 and 2019 were selected as the research objects, which were respectively experimental class and control class. PAD Class mode is given in the experimental class, while the traditional teaching mode in control class. After the course, the students were surveyed on questionnaires of their learning satisfaction in nine aspects, including acquisition of knowledge, and their final comprehensive grades were compared. Results: The learning satisfaction with PAD Class of the experimental class students is significantly higher than that of the control class. 86.27% of the students in the experimental class and 57.91% in the control class are satisfied. The final comprehensive grades of the experimental class are also significantly higher than that of the control class (t = 6.301,？P？< 0.001). Conclusion: As a teaching mode worthy of recognition and promotion, PAD Class can help to improve students’ learning satisfaction and academic performance, tap students’ ability of independent learning and acquiring knowledge, and lay a good foundation for the future lifelong learning.
Research on the Application of PAD Class Mode in Vocational English Teaching Based on Duifene Platform  [PDF]
Yan Li, Xiaoqing Wen, Xianjiu Liao
Advances in Applied Sociology (AASoci) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/aasoci.2021.117030
Abstract: Responding to the call of the times for education and teaching reform, the PAD Class fully exerts the advantages of “Internet + Education” and exemplifies the “student-centered” education idea. The PAD Class consists of three explicit learning links: presentation, assimilation, and discussion, which gives a full play to the strengths of teachers, and follows students’ learning rules to help students learn and master knowledge efficiently. Duifene Platform, the official teaching platform of PAD Class, enables teachers to deal with meticulous and tedious teaching tasks in an easy, happy and efficient way. It is a new and universal teaching platform. PAD Class and Duifene Platform complement and reinforce each other.
Design of a robust H∞ preview controller for a class of uncertain discrete
Fucheng Liao,Li Li
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/0142331217708239
Abstract: The robust preview tracking control problem of uncertain discrete-time systems satisfying matching conditions is considered. First, we use the difference between a system state and its steady-state value, instead of the usual difference between system states, to derive an augmented error system that includes the future information on the reference signal and disturbance signal to transform the tracking problem into a regulator problem. Then, a robust preview controller of the augmented error system is proposed by integrating Lyapunov stability theory and LMI approach. Research shows that the preview controller gain matrix can be determined by solving a LMI. The proposed robust preview controller in this paper cannot only guarantee the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system, but also enhance the interference rejection properties. An integrator is applied to make sure that the output tracks the reference signal with no static error. The numerical simulation example also illustrates the effectiveness of the results presented in the paper
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